What is Opc
( One person Compny)
An OPC, or One Person Company, is a special business structure in India (under the Companies Act, 2013) allowing a single person to own and run an incorporated company, offering the benefits of a private limited company (like limited liability, separate legal entity, perpetual succession) without needing partners, bridging the gap between a sole proprietorship and larger companies for solo entrepreneurs. It protects personal assets, provides corporate identity, but has limits on size (must convert if turnover/capital exceeds thresholds) and cannot raise equity funds from others.
Key Features of an OPC
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Single Member: One person acts as both the sole shareholder and director.
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Limited Liability: Personal assets are separate from business debts, shielding the owner.
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Separate Legal Entity: The company is distinct from its owner.
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Perpetual Succession: The company continues to exist even if the owner changes or dies (requires a nominee).
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No Minimum Members: Unlike private companies needing two members, an OPC needs only one
Who is it for?
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Solo entrepreneurs wanting corporate status and limited liability.
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Small business owners looking for formal recognition without partners.
Limitation
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Cannot have more than one member (shareholder).
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Cannot issue shares or debentures to the public.
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Limited ability to raise capital through equity.
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Must convert to a Private Limited Company if turnover or paid-up capital crosses certain limits (e.g., ₹50 Lakhs capital or ₹2 Crores turnover).
Required Documents
To form a One Person Company (OPC), you need KYC documents (PAN, Aadhaar, Photo, Address Proof like utility bills) for the Director/Shareholder and Nominee, plus proofs for the Registered Office (NOC, Rent Agreement/Utility Bill), the company's charter documents (MOA/AOA), and digital credentials (DSC/DIN) for smooth online registration
For Director/Shareholder & Nominee
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Identity Proof: PAN Card, Aadhaar Card, Voter ID, Driving License, or Passport.
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Address Proof: Bank Statement, Electricity Bill, Telephone/Mobile Bill (not older than 2 months).
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Photograph: Passport-sized with a plain background.
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Digital Credentials: Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) and Director Identification Number (DIN).
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Consent: Consent to act as Nominee (Form INC-3)
For the Registered Office (Business Address)
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Proof of Address: Utility bill (electricity, gas, water) or property tax receipt.
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Rental Proof (if rented): Rent Agreement/Lease Deed.
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No Objection Certificate (NOC): Signed by the property owner.
Key Legal & Formation Documents
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Digital Signature Certificate (DSC): For online filing.
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Director Identification Number (DIN): Applied for via SPICe+ form.
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Memorandum of Association (MoA): Outlines company objectives, capital.
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Articles of Association (AoA): Governs internal management.
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Forms & Declarations: INC-9 (for directors), DIR-2 (consent to act), INC-3 (nominee consent)
Post-Registration Compliance Documents (Annual)
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Form AOC-4: For filing financial statements (Balance Sheet, P&L).
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Form MGT-7/7A: For annual returns.
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These documents establish the OPC as a separate legal entity, providing limited liability to the sole owner, similar to a private limited company
Key Related Services
Digital Signature
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DIN Services
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ROC Filling
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Company Incorporation
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